This report details the key trends and developments in human smuggling in Libya in 2023. In large degree, the year was one of continuity with the patterns seen in 2022. Over the course of the year, for example, 77 470 migrants departed the Libyan coast, only marginally higher than 2022’s figure of 75 500
Libya: Hybrid human smuggling system prove resilient
Global Initiative Against Transnational Organized Crime
Launched in 2008, the Mediterranean Solar Plan (MSP) represents one of the most emblematic and ambitious initiatives for the integration of low-carbon energy in the Euro-Mediterranean energy space. Despite being led by the Union for the Mediterranean (UfM) and the European Union (EU), the MSP never achieved its objectives and was subsequently disbanded
Lessons learnt form the failure of the Mediterranean Solar Plan
Euromesco
This report summarises the key results of the closed-door roundtable, held in Rome on 8 June 2023 and organised by the IAI. Joined by a diverse group of experts, practitioners, policymakers and civil society representatives from Europe and the MENA region, the workshop provided an opportunity to reframe the nature and objectives of the EU–Tunisia relationship, moving from a short-term emergency focus to a more comprehensive appreciation of the multiple political, economic and governance challenges facing Tunisia in the short and medium term.
Reframing EU–Tunisia Relations: Democracy, Governance, Migration
Istituto Affari Internazionali